Cost analysis of on-premise versus cloud-based implementation of moodle in Kufa University during the pandemic

<span>Many organizations often use physical hardware resources, such as storage devices and firewall, to store their essential applications data. Recently, the Coronavirus pandemic represented a significant challenge for University of Kufa, which utilize an on-premise data center e-learning since 2009. Whether learning management system (LMS) is installed on or cloud, it crucial any university, decide implementation more suitable because differences between two options, especially in terms cost. This study uses total cost ownership (TCO) model highlight aspect when using datacenter versus cloud-based determine option effective. The results may help other universities, inside outside Iraq, deciding (financially) organization. final show that solution costs approximately 20% less than currently used option. Despite all drawbacks unstable electricity, bad Internet service, costing cloud hosting, maybe still convenient case Kufa due sensitive stored center.</span>